オサムシ科
オサムシ科(Carabidae)
オサムシ科は、昆虫綱甲虫目に属する非常に大きな科であり、世界中に多様な種が生息しています。その形態や生態は多岐にわたり、森林、草原、湿地、土中など、様々な環境に適応した種が見られます。
分類
オサムシ科の分類は、長年にわたり研究者によって議論されてきました。ここでは、「Catalogue of Life and the Carabcat Database」に基づいた分類体系を参考に、主な亜科と族を紹介します。ただし、他の分類体系では異なる見解も存在するため、注意が必要です。
亜科と族のリスト
Anthiinae Bonelli, 1813
Tribe Anthiini Bonelli, 1813
Tribe Helluonini Hope, 1838
Tribe Physocrotaphini Chaudoir, 1863
Apotominae LeConte, 1853
Brachininae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Brachinini Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Crepidogastrini Jeannel, 1949
Broscinae Hope, 1838
Tribe Broscini Hope, 1838
オサムシ亜科 Carabinae Linnaeus, 1802
Tribe Carabini Linnaeus, 1802
Tribe Cychrini Perty, 1830
Ctenodactylinae Laporte, 1834
Tribe Ctenodactylini Laporte, 1834
Tribe Hexagoniini G.Horn, 1881
Dryptinae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Dryptini Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Galeritini Kirby, 1825
Tribe Zuphiini Bonelli, 1810
Elaphrinae Latreille, 1802
Gineminae Ball & Shpeley, 2002
Harpalinae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Anisodactylini Lacordaire, 1854
Tribe Harpalini Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Pelmatellini Bates, 1882
Tribe Stenolophini Kirby, 1837
Hiletinae Schiödte, 1847
Lebiinae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Cyclosomini Laporte, 1834
Tribe Lachnophorini LeConte, 1853
Tribe Lebiini Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Odacanthini Laporte, 1834
Tribe Perigonini G.Horn, 1881
Licininae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Chaetogenyini Emden, 1958
Tribe Chlaeniini Brullé, 1834
Tribe Licinini Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Oodini LaFerté-Sénectère, 1851
Loricerinae Bonelli, 1810
Melaeninae Csiki, 1933
Migadopinae Chaudoir, 1861
Tribe Amarotypini Erwin, 1985
Tribe Migadopini Chaudoir, 1861
Nebriinae Laporte, 1834
Tribe Cicindini Csiki, 1927
Tribe Nebriini Laporte, 1834
Tribe Notiokasiini Kavanaugh & Nègre, 1983
Tribe Notiophilini Motschulsky, 1850
Tribe Opisthiini Dupuis, 1912
Tribe Pelophilini Kavanaugh, 1996
Nototylinae Bänninger, 1927
Omophroninae Bonelli, 1810
Orthogoniinae Schaum, 1857
Tribe Amorphomerini Sloane, 1923
Tribe Idiomorphini Bates, 1891
Tribe Orthogoniini Schaum, 1857
Panagaeinae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Brachygnathini Basilewsky, 1946
Tribe Panagaeini Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Peleciini Chaudoir, 1880
Patrobinae Kirby, 1837
Tribe Lissopogonini Zamotajlov, 2000
Tribe Patrobini Kirby, 1837
Paussinae Latreille, 1806
Tribe Metriini LeConte, 1853
Tribe Ozaenini Hope, 1838
Tribe Paussini Latreille, 1806
Tribe Protopaussini Gestro, 1892
Platyninae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Omphreini Ganglbauer, 1891
Tribe Platynini Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Sphodrini Laporte, 1834
Promecognathinae LeConte, 1853
Tribe Axinidiini Basilewsky, 1963
Tribe Dalyatini Mateu, 2002
Tribe Promecognathini LeConte, 1853
Tribe †Palaeoaxinidiini McKay, 1991
Pseudomorphinae Hope, 1838
Psydrinae LeConte, 1853
Tribe Gehringiini Darlington, 1933
Tribe Moriomorphini Sloane, 1890
Tribe Psydrini LeConte, 1853
Pterostichinae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Chaetodactylini Tschitscherine, 1903
Tribe Cnemalobini Germain, 1911
Tribe Cratocerini Lacordaire, 1854
Tribe Microcheilini Jeannel, 1948
Tribe Morionini Brullé, 1837
Tribe Pterostichini Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Zabrini Bonelli, 1810
Rhysodinae Laporte, 1840
Tribe Clinidiini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Tribe Dhysorini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Tribe Leoglymmiini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Tribe Medisorini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1987
Tribe Omoglymmiini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1978
Tribe Rhysodini Laporte, 1840
Tribe Sloanoglymmiini R.T. & J.R.Bell, 1991
Scaritinae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Clivinini Rafinesque, 1815
Tribe Corintascarini Basilewsky, 1973
Tribe Dyschiriini Kolbe, 1880
Tribe Salcediini Alluaud, 1930
Tribe Scaritini Bonelli, 1810
Siagoninae Bonelli, 1813
Tribe Enceladini G.Horn, 1881
Tribe Siagonini Bonelli, 1813
Trechinae Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Bembidarenini Maddison et al., 2019
Tribe Bembidiini Stephens, 1827
Tribe Pogonini Laporte, 1834
Tribe Sinozolini Deuve, 1997
Tribe Trechini Bonelli, 1810
Tribe Zolini Sharp, 1886
Xenaroswellianinae Erwin, 2007
†Conjunctiinae Ponomarenko, 1977
†Protorabinae Ponomarenko, 1977
ハンミョウ科(Cicindelidae)との関係
かつてはオサムシ科の亜科(Cicindelinae)として扱われていたハンミョウは、近年(2020年以降)の研究により、オサムシ科の姉妹群として独立した科(ハンミョウ科)として分類されることが一般的になっています。
絶滅属
オサムシ科には、多くの絶滅した属も含まれています。以下はその一部です。
†Agatoides Motschulsky, 1856
†Amphoxyne Bode, 1953
†Carabites Heer, 1852
†Cavicarabus Hong, 1991
†Conexicoxa Lin, 1986
†Cymatopterus Lomnicki, 1894
†Fangshania Hong, 1981
†Glenopterus Heer, 1847
†Hebeicarabus Hong, 1983
†Megacarabus Hong, 1983
†Meileyingia Hong, 1987
†Miocarabus Hong, 1983
†Neothanes Scudder, 1890
†Procarabus Oppenheim, 1888
†Prosynactus Bode, 1953
†Shanwangicarabus Hong, 1985
†Sinis Heer, 1862
†Sinocalosoma Hong & Wang, 1986
†Sinocaralosoma Hong, 1984
†Sunocarabus Hong, 1987
†Tauredon Handlirsch, 1910
†Wuchangicarabus Hong, 1991
†Xishanocarabus Hong, 1984
†Yunnanocarabus Lin, 1977